Risk Taking free essay sample

Taking In our lives, it is important to exercise self-command. However, we should not be so concerned with the future that we stifle the present. The question becomes what balance should we strike between self-command and risks? What kinds of risks are acceptable or unacceptable? In this essay, we will use two examples of risks to show the distinction between the two and arrive at a conclusion as to the balance one should have between risk and self command. The first example we will use Is of a person who spends his life savings on a lottery ticket and does not win the lottery.The second Is of a person who spends his life savings on a hunch regarding a cure for AIDS, a hunch that Is false. Before we make this adolescently, however, It Is necessary to define the terms acceptable and unacceptable risks. Acceptable and unacceptable Risks There are several ways in which one could define which risks are acceptable. We will write a custom essay sample on Risk Taking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One could say, for example, that the only acceptable risk is one for which the odds of success are greater than the odds of failure. Another definition of acceptable risk might be a risk that does not harm ones future. We might also say that the only acceptable risk is one where the aggregate happiness is increased, thus increasing the moral good of the risk, an idea which is based on John Stuart Mills utilitarianism. Finally, we might define a morally good risk in a Kantian way by saying that the only acceptable risk is one which is rationally thought out (Thomas, lecture). Now that we have several definitions of acceptable risks, we may ask how these definitions, which seem piecemeal and unrelated, can all combine to form one definition of acceptable risk.The best way to do this is to examine the two cases that lie before us and relate the definitions to them. In the process of doing so, we will determine which risk is acceptable and which is not. Risks in the example: the lottery and the AIDS cure If the average person on the street were presented with the case of spending ones life savings on a lottery ticket and losing or spending the same sum on a false hunch regarding an AIDS cure, he or she would probably come up with several answers.For the most part though, all the answers would be consistent with one Idea: the AIDS cure Is simply worth more and thus Is a more acceptable risk. There might be several reasons for this. One could assume, for example, that the only errors who would attempt to cure AIDS would be a doctor with sufficient experience In the field. It would follow, then, that the odds of finding a cure for AIDS would be much greater than the odds of winning the lottery. To win the lottery, one has to draw 6 numbers out of 46 (a probability that is very low).However, curing AIDS with would be a greater moral good because it is less risk involved in it than in trying to win the lottery. This case, although quite valid, is not very interesting. In fact, we have solved it rather rapidly. The more interesting case, and the one we will consider n depth here, is the case in which one has no medical experience whatsoever, but still attempts to find a cure. Furthermore, we will set the odds such that one has a better chance of winning the lottery than finding a cure for AIDS.Yet, I will still show that, regardless of the greater chance of failure, the attempt at an AIDS cure is still has more moral worth than the purchase of the lottery ticket, even though both result in failure. Why does the spending ones life savings on an AIDS cure have more moral worth (which makes it a more acceptable risk) than spending the same sum on a tottery ticket, when the numerical odds of being successful are the same? Why bother, since in the end, the result is the same?The answer lies in Mills definition of a moral good, that which is done to increase the common happiness (Mill, Utilitarianism). The AIDS cure is something that will increase the common happiness, while a person winning the lottery generally will only increase his or her happiness. This is almost obvious. Certainly, if I was to win the lottery, I would increase my happiness greatly, but the increase in the general happiness would be negligible. However, if I were to find a cure for AIDS, it would greatly increase the general happiness.Masses of suffering people and their loved ones would be much happier. Even though my attempt was unsuccessful, it would still be greatly appreciated. Just the thought of a cure would have given hope to what could otherwise be a bleak existence. The mere possibility of being saved from an almost certain death would increase several victims happiness. We see this today, when, each time a new drug that delays the progression of AIDS is approved, people flock to it. That such things re not cures and that some of them do not offer guarantees (indeed, many are experimental) is almost insignificant.

Kingshaws feelings in Susan Hills Im the king of the castle

Kingshaws feelings in Susan Hills Im the king of the castle July 2ndDear diary,Hooper came back from the hospital today. I can‚t believe time flew by so fast when I was alone in the house. I was OK then. But now he is back and everything is back to normal‚… And normal is terrible for me. He noticed I had taken his puzzle. How did he, I don‚t have a clue, I put it back in the exact same spot! But he knew. Hooper always knows everything that goes on in this bloody house. Even when he‚s away, he knows. Mom told me to spend time with him because he is stuck in bed, she didn‚t let me go out. She forced me to stay in his room. And I don‚t want to be with him! He hates me. He hates me even more than he used to (I didn‚t know it was possible.). I tried to tell mom that, but she didn‚t believe me.Tom Hooper (musician)

Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Strategy - Essay Example The supplier caters almost 35% of the requirements of the company that is huge and might put the company in jeopardy (Thompson, 2012). In the given circumstances, the company needs to take into account the adverse economic environment and formulate a successful corporate strategy to cope with the business complexities (Johnson et al 2011). Haberberg and Rieple (2008) demonstrate that a well-planned corporate strategy provides means to renew competitive advantage in line with the changing environment. Accordingly, it will be most appropriate to delve deeper into the existing toy market scenario. Italy, France, Germany, Spain and the UK constitute almost 73% of the total European toy market. Most of the supply of the toys in the Europe comes from China. The infant and preschool toy segments constitute almost 20 percent of the market – a largest segment in the total toy sales. Toy shops in the five major countries of Europe sell almost 40% of the total sales in toys (The Toy Sector in Europe, 2010). Furrer (2011) argues that the ultimate purpose of any corporate strategy is the value creation. In order to sail through difficult times, the company needs to adopt positioning strategy to earn higher revenues by using scarce and limited resources at its disposal (Besanko, 2010). Accordingly, the company will be benefitted by positioning to the fastest growing infant/preschool segment of toys and expand by capturing the imagination of this class of children. Porter (1985) argues that it is important to differentiate the product from its competitors so that it is valued by buyers and the uniqueness in the product is eventually rewarded through a higher price. Moreover, innovation is must to make product distinct and unique Grant, 2010). In order to ensure uninterrupted supply, suppliers’ evaluation and selection process needs to be done most meticulously (Sollish & Semanik, 2011) and therefore an effective and flaw-less sourcing strategy needs to be at

Closed Doors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Closed Doors - Essay Example If a habeas petition is rejected, it is one step in assuring that a Death Row inmate has no more access to making appeals in court. According to Dow (2006), â€Å"[T]he district courts are required to dismiss any action brought by a death row inmate who has already had a federal habeas petition† (pp. 46). Such rejection is tantamount to a death sentence for someone, who might actually be innocent. If someone is unfairly accused of a crime that they did not commit—most likely, in this case, murder—it would only make sense that the defendant should have rights to appeal any rulings. However, for Death Row inmates this is usually not the case. One federal judicial review is allowed if the habeas petition fails. Roberts (2007) states, â€Å"Even if the Court upholds a death sentence, a prisoner still has the option for one last review in the federal court† (pp. 104). Basically, if the judicial review does not look like it will be in the favor of the defendant, the inmate basically has no appeal left in order for recourse. Sadly, our court system only allows one federal judicial review that is at the mercy of one sole judge’s opinion. After the habeas petition has been filed, and the client’s case has gone under federal judicial review, there is basically no other avenue down which a client can proceed.

FDA Authorization for the Next Generation Sequencer Essay

FDA Authorization for the Next Generation Sequencer - Essay Example It is apparent that different people respond differently to different drugs, and the use of genome sequencing will not only reveal the nature and susceptibility of illnesses, but it will also provide physicians with the specific prescriptions required (Collins & Hamburg, 2013). This technology could be used to develop the most appropriate treatment combinations for different patients suffering from cancer. With genomic sequencing, it is possible for doctors to identify the nature of cancer and predict its spreading patterns; hence, the new system will be instrumental in helping doctors deal with different forms of cancer more appropriately (Collins & Hamburg, 2013). The authorization of marketing for the genomic sequencer is a step closer to developing clinical care that is individually oriented. It is; however, clear that some issues like the absence of legal and regulatory policies for the new system will arise (Collins & Hamburg, 2013). There are signs that the authorities are com mitted to developing the most conducive policies to enable the effective and ethical application of the genomic sequencer. The use of the genomics sequencing technology has the potential to attract ethical issues like insurance companies being acquainted with genomic information about their clients, which could cause the development of exempted services that might be discriminating (Collins & Hamburg, 2013). Access to genomic information by physicians may also lead to substandard applications of the system. It is required that the development of accurate genomic information must be attained through thorough processes that may require recurrent experimentation (Collins & Hamburg, 2013). The FDA is collaborating with the National Institute for Standards and Technology to design the required interpretive material for physicians.  

The Neo Aristotelian Criticism English Literature Essay

The Neo Aristotelian Criticism English Literature Essay First I will begin with Invention. According to Leith Aristotle said that the basic job of the rhetorician is to discover the best available means of persuasion. Thats what is meant, in this context, by invention. In invention, I would like to analyse using proof. The proof which makes speech persuasive norm is composed of 3 elements. These are logos, ethos and pathos. The first form is logos. This speech seems logically structured. She organises this speech chronologically. She promotes general family background as acceptable to the audiences (36-77) and then applies their story to her arguments. The First ladys backstory draws the audiences attention and prepares them to guess what her speech is about. By describing the values learnt from their family (76-88), she paves the way for the idea that the decisions Barrack has made during his term, are guided by the learnt values. In 90-95, her implication is that ones character is not something one can change, or imitate, or gain from h is or her advisers. Furthermore, she implicitly describes Presidential-level decisions which require weighty responsibility should be based on the character. In order to prove her arguments, she provides several examples what Barrack has done in his term (102-126). After that she implies that he who is the first African-American President has not changed and still possesses the values (134-167). In the closing part, she frames his emphasis on values and fairness concerning the election. She makes a plea for vote for him for his second term. The second form is ethos. There are some indications that she is trying to provide credibility to audiences. Michelle provides her backstory to let audiences identify similarities in their experience and belief. In 36-37, she emphasises that Obamas rather unusual upbringing is really no different from hers. In 78-85, she tells about their values which learned from their family. In 83-85, she subtly addresses one of the points that her husband has tried in his period by keeping the focus on the people whove helped them and gives hints at right decisions that he has made. This builds his commitment and integrity for his time in the presidency. In 102-126, she mentions his 5 actions which audiences were able to trust during his term serving the U.S people. Especially, in 108-110, her statement is intended to remind audiences that her husband doesnt always choose the easy thing to do politically. Again, she connects it to how he was raised. In 200-208, she makes an inclusive promise that Barrack will make a commitment for the U.S people. The last proof is pathos. Michelle delivers an elaborately detailed story of her early life with her husband. In her story, she mentions the grandfather who suffered with multiple sclerosis, and thus evokes sympathy and their daughters to give an individual touch. Her mission is to humanise her husband for people who think that his life is remote from the lives of ordinary Americans. She makes an emotional connection between herself and audiences that Barack himself has struggled before being President and shows him as a normal family man. She illuminates current the hard issues he faces, (89-95) and this gives recognition recent concerns of some audiences so as to show his desire to share the pain with the nation as a whole. Her speech shows the common touch, highlighting the financial crisis with major issues in the U.S. She calls out to the uniform people for linking emotion of pride and patriotism. She references America several times to bring them together. Finally, the self-described mom-in-chief (198) successfully gives effective emotion. The second part is arrangement of the speech. Keith and Lundberg (2008, 55) shows that this strategy guides listeners through the speech and helps them identify and remember the most important points. The organisational pattern is quite simplistic and the speech is arranged in the order of time, which delivers her goals that people might choose to support her husband. In Exordium (1-17), she starts a sequence of thanks and gives proper respect to those who she has met while serving their first lady in order to captures the audiences attention. She does this to bring awareness to audiences of the issues in her speech. Then, in Narratio (21-88), she tells audiences about her and Barracks family backstory before moving to Washington. She also speaks briefly of first getting to know him. She once again emphasises that Barrack was brought up in similar family environment. In this paragraph, she highlights their shared mind to show they are normal and humble people just like their audience s. Moreover she focuses more on the bigger picture, which is the vision and values that guided him as President. With the story, she intends to lay the foundation for the idea that the decisions Barrack has made during his term are guided by the values learnt from his background. In Partitio (89-129), she previews her speech arguments. She shares the current critical tasks on Barracks desk and reassures the audiences that Barrack has made efforts to solve national issues such as Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, tax cuts, creating jobs, health reform and student aids. In Confirmatio (132 -173), she focuses on arguments that his position of President has not changed him. She delivers persuasive speech with regards to his responsibility, family care, and his hard-work and wants to share her love to Barrack with audiences. In 174- 196, Obama shows sympathy toward the hardships American people have endured and appreciated their sacrifices theyve made and service for the country. In Perorati o (200-209), she emphasises his value once again and makes a final plea to the audiences for supporting Barrack. She delivers her assertion of what must be done, and uses traditional final blessing. The final canon in this critique is style. Lawson-Tancred (2000, 215) refers to Aristotles view of style as follows rhetoric is a practical skill and that the study of presentation is therefore required by the baseness of the audience. In general, she chooses not to pursue political argument on the competitive aspects of this campaign, but tries to focus on the positive and bright aspects with personal approach. I would analyse her speech with Figures and Tropes. The distinctive figure in her speech is repetition. In repetition of words and phrases, 6 Anaphora are used in I loved, we learned, the man, I see, I love, and if. And also, 2 Antistrophe are identified in story. so. Furthermore, this speech has 2 repetition of sounds, one is alliteration dignity and decency, another is rhyme honesty and integrity. She uses these repetition styles with triple and extended-triple to make her points and arguments more persuasive and memorable. She uses jokes about their middle-class life in th e past in order to humanise her husband and make him more appealing and accessible to audiences (32-25, 121). Additionally she uses Tropes: metonymy and metaphor. She uses the metonymy in uniform representing people who serve in military, police, and etc. for the United Sates of America. Also she uses a metaphor with America to link it to the concept of America, to address the nation with easy familiarity and to evoke good patriotism. In summary, her speech concentrates on reassurance and of her intention to make this speech uplifting to the audiences. Her style with a personal approach reaches out to the audiences not just the First lady addressing ask for vote for her husband. In conclusion, Michelles speech is quite narrative, deliberative and persuasive norm and makes audiences to believe Barracks campaign and to reassure how to lead the nation of a better way in a respectable way. She combines personal stories with broader policies of what her husband believes in. This speech was well-written with a mixture of soft jokes to clearly accomplish the goal of reminding Barracks humanism and the reason why U.S people like him. I think she indicates well what the speech is about and easily understands how her issues relate to one another. The First ladys speech connected their background to the values helps guide Mr. Obama as President. However, from the point of purpose of convention speech, which is usually about making a connection between the right man and the right moment, I dont think it gives a powerful impact in the content, the theme, the vision except for one line being President doesnt change who you are. One more thing I feel sense of loss is that this speech is too biographical about her husband who is running for the 2nd term, and she tries to utilise too many emotions to motivate people to vote him. I have to acknowledge that this analysis excludes the other rhetorical canons, memory and delivery. Therefore, there are some limitations in identifying whether this speech meets the needs of audiences because delivering a speech can be successful when all devices work in place.

Black Holes Essay -- Papers

Black Holes The term black hole was first used in 1969 by the American scientist John Wheeler to describe an object that had such a huge gravitational pull that not even light could escape it, thereby rendering it invisible or black. John Michell extended upon this idea in a paper called the "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London" in which he pointed out that a star that was sufficiently massive and compact would have such a strong gravitational pull that not even light could escape it as any light emitted by the star would be pulled back in by gravity - this was the first theory of a black hole. It is known today that black holes are in fact the fate of huge stars. When these huge stars collapse they eventually collapse to a point where they are infinitely dense yet infinitely small - a black hole. Inside a star, hydrogen atoms are constantly being fused to make helium atoms. This process is known as nuclear fusion, nuclear fusion produces energy in the forms of light and heat, the outward pressure that is created by this outpouring of energy is normally enough to counteract the gravity that is constantly trying to squeeze the star ever smaller. Soon the star runs out of hydrogen to burn and so begins to burn heavier elements (such as oxygen and lithium), when this happens the star will grow up to 100 times its original size. But eventually the stars supply of fuel will run out and the star will no... ...s a black hole. First, as you neared the even horizon, time would appear to take longer and longer and as you entered the even horizon your image would remain there for an eternity. This is because at that very moment, the light that you are emitting would be caught in the event horizon. It would appear to an observer that you were frozen in time, staying in the same position forever. But in fact it is just the light, not you that is stuck. As you entered the black hole time would go faster and faster, and if you looked up you would be able to see the entire universe evolving in front of you. But this amazing sight comes at a great cost, as you begin to near the singularity you would feel your body begin to stretch. Eventually your body would be stretched so far by the colossal gravity that you would be ripped apart!

What Makes a Credible Documentary

A documentary is successful when it is able to combine both the appearance of historically accurate elements and present believable situations through a false lens, leading the audience to question the reality of what they are seeing. The genre of documentary aims to present a convincing story through the use of credible documentary tactics to portray a â€Å"fictional documentary. † Every documentary depends on its viewers believing its premise. The illusion of believability is most often either confirmed or destroyed by the credits.Frequently the audience first learns the people on the screen were actors, and that they have fallen prey to the thick veil of believability that documentary films are so able to portray. To capture the audiences trust directors of documentary films apply many of the tactics and conventions documentaries serve to leave the audience questioning the reality and believability of what they view in the theatre and at home. Documentaries inspire an awar eness of being that one has not previously experienced.The film urges the spectator to reevaluate not only one's breadth of knowledge but also puts forward the message that the documentary is actually made to talk about and the real truth from a person who is not involved with the message. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt, in one fashion or another, to â€Å"document† reality. Although â€Å"documentary film† originally referred to movies shot on film stock, it has subsequently expanded to include video and digital productions that can be either direct-to-video or made for a television series.Documentary, as it applies here, works to identify a â€Å"filmmaking practice, a cinematic tradition, and mode of audience reception† that is continually evolving and is without clear boundaries. The nature of documentary films has changed in the past 20 years from the cinema verity tradition. Landmark films such as The Thin Blue Line by Errol Morris incorporated stylized re-enactments, and Michael Moore's Roger and Me placed far more interpretive control with the director.Indeed, the commercial success of these documentaries may derive from this narrative shift in the documentary form, leading some critics to question whether such films can truly be called documentaries; critics sometimes refer to these works as â€Å"mondo films† or â€Å"docu-ganda. † However, directorial manipulation of documentary subjects has been noted since the work of Flaherty, and may be endemic to the form. The recent success of the documentary genre, and the advent of DVDs, has made documentaries financially viable even without a cinema release.Yet funding for documentary film production remains elusive and within the past decade the largest exhibition opportunities have emerged from within the broadcast market, making filmmakers beholden to the tastes and influences of the broadcasters who have become th eir largest funding source. Modern documentaries have some overlap with television forms, with the development of â€Å"reality television† that occasionally verges on the documentary but more often veers to the fictional or staged.The making-of documentary shows how a movie or a computer game was produced. Usually made for promotional purposes, it is closer to an advertisement than a classic documentary. Modern lightweight digital video cameras and computer-based editing have greatly aided documentary makers, as has the dramatic drop in equipment prices. With more visualization effects and bolder directors on the rise, its future holds a firm ground in context to modern cinema.

Walls of Ideologies essays

Walls of Ideologies essays E.M. Forsters novel Howards End uses three families to explore the competing idealism and materialism of the upper classes and the belittling effects of poverty on the human soul. The conflict between the Schlegel family and the Wilcox family is a recurring theme that reflects the ideologies that are in E.M. Forsters novel. The Schlegels are idealistic and intellectual , while the Wilcoxes are more materialistic and motivated by the desire to maintain their wealth and property. The Wilcoxes are unapologetically bourgeois. Forster is implying that merely connecting, just getting along, is not enough in a world divided by ideological conflict. Althussers theory that ideology Forster has created the perfect embodiment of the ideology of conflict between reason and passion. In Howards End Forster talks about two classes and two ideologies that are separated by the thick wall of social prejudices and misunderstandings. The only thing connecting the two families is money. Both of the families are quite well off, but at the same time represent two different sectors of the English upper-middle class during the period in which the novel is set. The Schlegels are cultured and represent education. The Wilcoxes represent the work ethic, materialism and form. This novel depicts the classic class struggle. Throughout the entire novel Margaret tries to bridge the upper and lower levels of the middle class. Her inner strength and emotional perceptiveness enable her to appreciate the Wilcoxes, and at the same time, strive for a finer life, which she perceives can only be found from enjoying an emotionally whole life experience. Margaret is in a way dissimatting the idea that there should be a distinct difference between the classes, and particularly between the three families involved in this story. Althusser would say that this is how ideology is calling her or hailing Margaret into being. ...

Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Example

Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Example Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay Effects of discriminatory practice in Health and social care Essay The above instance survey is foregrounding favoritism. This is the unequal intervention between persons and it is a negative action towards members of a certain group. The bases of favoritism include: civilization. disablement. age. societal category. gender. sexual orientation. wellness position. household position and cognitive ability. The prejudiced practise used in the instance of Jeta is predjudice. This is judging person and doing an premise without holding any solid grounds to back up the opinion. on the footing of their visual aspect or what group they belong to. Jeta is sing this as her instructor is doing a false premise about her thought that she is lazy and blue as her criterion of public presentation in school assesments is diminishing. There are many lending factors that can take to the predjudice that Jeta is sing. One of these factors is societal background. Jeta comes from a rough background. lives entirely with her female parent who is a individual parent and her male parent is in prison. Another factor taking to predjudice could be socialisation. This is when the media create humbling stereotypes about specific groups of people. The media assumes that if person is in prison. they are associated with bad behavior and are automatically given a negative feeling on. As Jeta is related to person in prison. the instructor is presuming that she’s every bit as bad and discriminates against her. The instructor is about blaming the male parent state of affairs on the hapless school work produced by Jeta. Another prejudiced practise that Jeta is sing is pigeonholing. Stereotyping is a widely held but fixed oversimplified image or thought of a certain type of individual. Pigeonholing can hold a demetrial consequence on the person involved. They involve generalisations about the most common features of members of the group. There are many factors which could propose why Jeta is being stereotyped. The first is societal classification. This is sorting people into groups based on common properties that persons portion. In relation to Jeta she is being stereotyped as lazy because the criterion of her school assesments are dropping. She is besides being stereotyped as naughty and this could be due to the societal facet that her male parents in prision significance she is being percieved as this blue kid. Another base for favoritism is age. Age favoritism occurs when person is treated below the belt due to their age without any given justification or logical thinking. The fact that the kid concerned in this survey is of rather a immature age of 9 old ages old means she is more vunerable to age favoritism and this normally occurs because the kid is seen to hold less societal power. Jeta is sing age favoritism because she is seen to hold less of an authoritive figure compared to her instructor. Children in todays society are more likely to confront favoritism due to their addiction on grownups and the determinations that are made for them. Children experience favoritism on other evidences including race. gender. societal category. wellness position. disablities and many more. Jeta is being stereotyped as this lazy character and due to her age. the instructor isn’t listening to her despite being told legion times by Jeta that she can non see the board from the dorsum of the schoolroom. Jeta’s age could be an index as to why she is being stereotyped as she is undistinguished compared to the instructor and has little or no power so her sentiments and positions are merely ignored. Another prejudiced practise that Jeta is confronting is inequality. This is where people are non treated the same because some persons have more power. authorization. money etc. Jeta is sing this as she is non being granted the same chances to instruction and rights to larn as everyone else in her category. Due to this inequality she could be left in a vunerable place as she could be at a hazard of falling behind in category and making even worse in appraisals than earlier. The chief base for favoritism is this instance survey is Jeta’s diability. She has haples s sight and this explains her low criterion of work in lessons. She is being discriminated for holding this disablement and this could ensue in her feeling vunerable and cause low ego regard. She is being segregated from the remainder of the category being sent to the dorsum of the schoolroom and this could strike hard her assurance. This is besides doing the state of affairs worse as Jeta will non be able to concentrate on the undertakings set in category as she can non see what is is being taught. Alternatively of supplying Jeta with the right extra acquisition support she requires. the instructor has placed her right at the dorsum of the category. segregated from her other schoolmates. The Disability Discrimination Act ( DDA ) makes it improper to know apart against person who has a disablement. This act is covered by most sectors including the instruction sector which means it should be covered in all schools and administrations. The DDA screens eyesight jobs so Jeta’s demands should be met. Initially. Jeta’s instructor is being improper as she isn’t seting to the DDA criterions to accommodate Jeta’s demands. If no alterations are made. Jet a’s seeing could deteriate and decline. Jeta presently has no spectacless or any signifier of equipment to assist imporve her seeing so being at the dorsum is non assisting the state of affairs in respect to Jeta.

Correlation between nursing culture and the change of nursing practice Thesis

Correlation between nursing culture and the change of nursing practice - Thesis Example The nursing discipline has been utilizing research evidence since over 30 years, state Estabrooks, Winther and Derksen (2004). However, scholars continue to be unable to identify what influences research utilization. Individual determinants of research utilization are not reflected in research findings on individual factors predicting research use. Further, Scott-Findlay & Estabrooks (2006) found that in research projects on nursing organizational culture, where individual determinants were studied, the investigators often studied determinants not amenable to change, for example age, gender, and years of nursing experience. Taking into consideration the fact that the majority of healthcare professionals including nurses work in complex organizations, it is important to shift focus towards studying determinants of research utilization for nurses as a whole, at the organizational level. Nursing culture helps to determine nursing organizational influence on nurses’ behaviors, par ticularly in relation to research use behaviors. Thus, Scott-Findlay & Estabrooks (2006, p.499) observe that â€Å"in nursing, one organizational aspect, organizational culture, is increasingly cited as a significant influence on the use of research by clinicians† such as nurses involved in clinical practice. According to Del Bueno and Vincent (1986), in nursing, the term organizational culture first appeared in 1986. Among a limited number of organizational culture frameworks in the available literature, one of the most commonly used frameworks is that of Schein (1992). Culture is cited at three fundamental levels, in a hierarchical manner; these include: observable artefacts, values, and basic underlying assumptions. Artefacts are the most accessible elements of culture, being visible and tangible. Values are the distinctly expressed norms, social principles and ideologies considered to have intrinsic worth and importance within the organization. Assumptions are the innermo st or core elements of culture, they provide expectations that impact perceptions, concepts and feelings about the organization such as the field of nursing. According to Scott-Findlay and Estabrooks (2006, p.499), â€Å"assumptions are the taken-for-granted beliefs about reality and human nature that practitioners in an organization share†. Thus, artefacts are manifestations of values, while values are manifestations of assumptions. The three levels of nursing culture constantly and repeatedly influence each other. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate nursing culture, and examine its impacts on the change of nursing practice, with an emphasis on evidence based practice and nursing research. Nursing Culture Culture constitutes a set of definitions of reality commonly believed in by a group of people sharing a distinctive way of life. Definitions of organizational culture centre on enduring attributes of culture such as values, assumptions, and beliefs that guide the processes within the group. As in most groups and organizations, in the case of nursing also, culture is considered as the ‘

Implementation of a COP program based on the scenario given Assignment

Implementation of a COP program based on the scenario given - Assignment Example There is also a citizen’s patrol project which will help the police with monitoring areas where there may not be a patrol at that moment so help can be called in immediately. An outline and overview of the project is given in this paper as to how it will be implemented. Introduction This is a proposal memo to address the problems at the Anytown Shopping Mall in our city which has had a 75% increase in crime and robberies over the years 2009 to 2011. In light of the fact that it is determined that homeless people have set up camps in parking lot areas where there is very little lighting installed, and that there have been numerous robberies conducted in parking lot sections, the Anytown Police Department is designing a project to help with cutting down crime and restoring a safe environment for our citizens to be able to shop and work safely in, and around, the Anytown Shopping Mall. It is our plan to bring back businesses to this area as a number of the shopping mall businesse s have left recently because of the unsafe conditions for both workers and customers (Class information 2013). The community-oriented policing program being created is called ANYTOWN ANYTIME FREEDOM SHOPPING program which will address several issues: eliminating transit camps in parking lots, a system of patrols that covers all sections of the parking area and in the mall as well, a protection system for workers and customers of the mall and finally, a determination of what public works projects must be developed, such as a new lighting strategy, for all areas of the parking infrastructure (Class information 2013). 1. The social forces that exist for this problem are that there are numerous homeless people who are camping out in the poorly lit areas of the shopping mall’s parking sections, particularly in underground parking. This creates an unsafe hazard for those workers who must come in early and leave late at night (Craven 2009). For shoppers, the danger is the high chanc e of being robbed, particularly when carrying packages. Aside from the obvious dangers from robberies, muggings, and potential car jackings, the areas where there are camps are very unsanitary, particularly as there are no restrooms (Dempsey & Forst 2013). It is unclear at this time whether the homeless also go into the shopping mall, when it is open, in order to use the restroom facilities. Preparation 2. The first steps in preparing for the program is to have a meeting, or several meetings, with shop owners in the mall in order to hear what incidents they have encountered, which would help in designing the plan of action (Craven 2009). This would also include those businesses which have left the area and finding out specifically what issues they had as regards conducting business in the mall. In addition to the meetings, it is also important to assess from crime reports where crimes in that area have occurred the most and what type they are (Hunter & Barker 2011). Once this inform ation has been developed, then more strategic planning can take place. 3. The social and special interest groups that should be involved in this process are the business owners in the mall, the shopping mall administration officers, any current security teams that are already in place, as most malls have their own team, and also the city manager and district representative. It is important to have reflections from all the above people and to have them